How to Check a Used Boat Before Buying: Step-by-Step Guide

Buying a used boat can be a great way to save money. However, it’s essential to do your research and inspect the boat thoroughly before making a purchase. Here are some tips on what to look for when checking a used boat. 

One of the first things you should check is the hull. Look for any cracks, dents, or scratches. These can all be signs of damage that may have occurred while the boat was in use. You should also check other anomalies, such as apparent fiberglass repairs. Check the area below the waterline, which might be damaged by hitting rocks, debris, or other boats.

Wood transoms (the vertical portion at the back of the boat) on older boats may rot inside. A weak or damaged transom is usually indicated by excessive movement while pushing the motor up and down or forward and backward.

Any break or repair over two inches long might suggest the boat has been in an accident. A structurally solid hull is critical to your safety.

Ensure all the hoses and wires are securely attached and there are no leaks. Also, check if the engine is clean and free of debris. Under the engine cover, examine for rust. Start the engine to see how it works. Request that the owner drive it for at least 10 seconds at full power. There is a problem if the engine is faulty, smoking, running rough, or loud.

Check for deterioration, fraying, or fractures in the belts and hoses. Rub some engine oil between your fingertips to check for grit, moisture, or metal dust.

Consider hiring a boat engine technician to evaluate the engine (s) or do a fluid analysis test if you’re considering purchasing a bigger boat. A fluid analysis may help you avoid future issues that are difficult to detect during a physical check.

The engine will not spin if the starting motor is faulty. It is an important element of most boats and marine engines since it is a crucial electrical engine part for turning over and starting a diesel engine. Listen for clanging, grinding, or loud spinning/whizzing sounds when starting the engine. Water that enters the starter and cannot drain causes internal components to rust and fail.

If the used boat you’re considering buying comes with a trailer, you should also inspect it. Check the tires to ensure they are in good condition and have enough tread. You should check for dry rot, bubbles, and gouges in the tires. Also, check the brakes and lights to make sure they are working correctly.

Look for any rust or damage on the frame of the trailer. Ensure all the bolts are tightened and that there are no missing parts.

Check to see whether the inspection sticker or placard is current. Inspect the suspension and braking systems for rot, corrosion, twisting, or extreme rust.

Remove the wheel bearing oil covers found on the boat wheels if possible. A milky hue suggests water entry into the hollow piece of metal located in the wheels, whereas silver-bearing oil indicates the wheel bearing is damaged.

Check the deck for any cracks, rot, holes, or warping. Also, ensure all the railing and other hardware are secure and there are no loose boards. It should not feel mushy when you push down on it with your hands. Inspect the hatches and storage compartments to make sure they are watertight. Test all the pumps to ensure they are working correctly.

Signs of decay or plywood separation may indicate hidden damage. Examine the seats for indications of excessive wear, mold, or mildew. Inspect the remainder of the boat if the hull and deck are in excellent condition.

The boat’s floor should be solid and not have any give when you step on it. Check for soft spots or sponginess, which could signify rot. Look for cracks, holes, or warping in the floor. Make sure all the boards are securely fastened and there are no loose boards. Also, check to see if the boat leaks when it’s raining or when you spray it with a hose.

You won’t be able to rip up the carpet to inspect the state of the flooring, but you can go around the boat and push it down in a few locations with your foot. Check places where people enter and depart the ship and spots that are likely to become wet, such as near the live well. Make sure it’s not spongy or soft.

Make sure all the wires are securely attached and there are no bare wires. Also, check to see if the fuse box is labeled and all the fuses are in working order. Test all the lights to see if they are working properly. Check the switches to make sure they are not loose. Also, make sure the bilge pump is working properly.

Marinas are required by law to verify a boat’s registration before allowing it to dock. Marinas are genuine enterprises; any secondhand boat they sell will come with registration and title. The owner should be able to show you the registration and proof of insurance for the ship. If they cannot, this is a red flag.

Check that the registration numbers correspond to the vehicle’s make, model, and hull identification number (H IN). The H IN is usually located on the stern (back) of the boat, on the port (left) side. If purchasing from a private party, insist on seeing a registration card and title with the seller’s name and address. A boat trailer is no different.

If you wish to finance the purchase, you’ll also need them. Also, ask for and retain a bill of sale signed by the boat’s owner. If a warranty is given, be sure it is described accurately.

The cables and hardware that keep the boat together should also be in good condition. Check for fraying, corrosion, or other signs of wear and tear.

All the screws, nuts, and bolts should be tight. The U-bolts that secure the trailer to the hull should not show any rust or damage. The winches, pulleys, and other moving parts should be lubricated and rust-free. Check the sheaves (pulleys) for cracks, wear, or excessive corrosion.

Make sure all the lights are working correctly. This includes navigation lights, running lights, anchor lights, and any other exterior lights. Repairing or replacing deck hardware may be costly. To check that the seats are firmly fastened in place, shake them and tug on the hinges, rigging, and edges.

Loose or stripped screws may produce wobbly components, which are readily repaired. On the other hand, corrosion or loose hardware might suggest concealed rot or other damage. Inquire about the boat’s maintenance and storage records. This ensures you’re aware of the boat’s maintenance and whether it’s been parked outdoors all year.

Purchasing a secondhand boat may save you a lot of money while providing you with many years of pleasure on the lake. Consider employing an expert maritime surveyor if you don’t trust yourself to assess the condition of a secondhand boat. A maritime surveyor would conduct a complete structural integrity and systems examination like a home inspector.

Once you’ve looked at the exterior, it’s time to move on to the interior components. The first thing you should do is open all the compartments and hatches. Look for any signs of leaking or water damage. Check to see if there is any mold or mildew present. Also, check the bilge pump to make sure it’s working properly.

Next, check the upholstery and carpeting for rips, holes, or stains. Also, ensure all the cabinets and drawers are in good condition. Finally, you should test all the appliances to ensure they work properly. This includes the stove, refrigerator, oven, and microwave.

After you’ve checked all the interior components, you should start the engine. Make sure to check the oil level and that there are no leaks. Make sure the boat comes with all the required safety equipment. This should include life jackets, flares, a fire extinguisher, and a first-aid kit.

Make sure you understand everything that comes with your purchase. Customers often purchase a boat without first confirming what is included in the deal; for example, false photographs may create the impression that you are obtaining a fully outfitted fishing boat when, in fact, the offer was simply for the hull and so on.

The most typical items not included in the purchase are fishing and safety equipment. Even though safety equipment is not as expensive as other equipment, it is required by maritime rules and may save your life on the sea.

If the boat’s electronics are removed, they will be exceedingly expensive to repair and install. To identify what is and is not included in the sale, inquire about any extra features or equipment installed on the boat.